Masiku ano, kuzindikirika kolakwika kwa ma bearing a ma gearbox kumayambitsidwa mwatsatanetsatane.Kuthamanga kwa gearbox nthawi zambiri kumakhudza mwachindunji ngati zida zotumizira zimatha kugwira ntchito bwino.Mwa chigawo kulephera mu gearboxes, magiya ndi mayendedwe ndi gawo lalikulu la zolephera, kufika 60% ndi 19% motero.

Kuthamanga kwa gearbox nthawi zambiri kumakhudza mwachindunji ngati zida zotumizira zimatha kugwira ntchito bwino.Ma gearbox nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magiya, mayendedwe ogudubuza, ma shaft ndi zinthu zina.Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pakati pa kulephera kwa ma gearbox, magiya ndi mayendedwe amawerengera gawo lalikulu la zolephera, zomwe ndi 60% ndi 19%, motsatana.Chifukwa chake, kulephera kwa ma gearbox Kafukufuku wofufuza amayang'ana kwambiri njira zolephereka komanso njira zodziwira magiya ndi mayendedwe.

Monga kuzindikiritsa zolakwika za kugubuduza mayendedwe mu gearbox, ili ndi maluso ena ndi zina.Malinga ndi zomwe zachitika m'munda, kuzindikirika kwa zolakwika zonyamula ma gearbox kumamveka kuchokera ku njira yodziwira ukadaulo wa vibration.

Kumvetsetsa kapangidwe ka mkati mwa gearbox ndi mawonekedwe a kulephera kubereka

Muyenera kudziwa kapangidwe ka bokosi la gear, monga momwe giya ilili, ndi ma shaft angati otumizira, ndi mayendedwe otani pa shaft iliyonse, ndi mitundu yanji ya mayendedwe.Kudziwa ma shafts ndi magiya omwe ali othamanga kwambiri komanso olemetsa kungathandize kudziwa makonzedwe a miyeso;podziwa kuthamanga kwagalimoto, kuchuluka kwa mano ndi chiŵerengero cha kufala kwa giya iliyonse yopatsirana kungathandize kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shaft iliyonse yopatsira.

Komanso, makhalidwe a kubala kulephera ayenera kukhala omveka.Nthawi zonse, ma frequency meshing a gear ndi ophatikizika angapo a kuchuluka kwa magiya ndi ma frequency ozungulira, koma kulephera kwapang'onopang'ono sikofunikira kuphatikizika kwa ma frequency ozungulira.Kumvetsetsa kapangidwe ka mkati mwa bokosi la gear ndi mawonekedwe a zolephereka zolephereka ndiye chofunikira choyamba pakuwunika kolondola kwa zolephera zonyamula ma gearbox.

Yesani kuyeza kugwedezeka kuchokera mbali zitatu: yopingasa, ofukula ndi axial

Kusankha malo oyezera kuyenera kuganizira za ma axial, opingasa ndi ofukula, komanso kuyeza kwa vibration munjira zitatu sikungakhale koyenera kuchitidwa pamalo onse.Kwa bokosi la gear lomwe lili ndi sinki ya kutentha, malo oyezera a shaft yolowera siwosavuta kuzindikira.Ngakhale mayendedwe ena atayikidwa pakati pa shaft, kugwedezeka mbali zina sikoyenera kuyeza.Panthawiyi, mayendedwe a malo oyezera amatha kukhazikitsidwa mosankha.Komabe, m'malo ofunikira, kuyeza kwa vibration munjira zitatu kumachitika kawirikawiri.Samalani kwambiri kuti musanyalanyaze kuyeza kwa axial vibration, chifukwa zolakwika zambiri mu bokosi la gear zidzasintha kusintha kwa mphamvu ya axial vibration ndi ma frequency.Kuonjezera apo, ma seti angapo a kugwedezeka kwa data pa malo oyezera omwewo angapereke deta yokwanira kusanthula ndi kutsimikiza kwa liwiro la shaft yopatsirana, ndikupeza zambiri zowunikira kuti mudziwe kuti kulephera kuli koopsa kwambiri.

Ganizirani za kugwedezeka kwafupipafupi komanso kutsika kwafupipafupi

Chizindikiro cha gearbox vibration chimakhala ndi zinthu monga ma frequency achilengedwe, ma frequency a shaft transmission, gear meshing frequency, ma frequency amtundu wa kulephera, kutembenuka kwafupipafupi banja, etc., ndipo ma frequency band ndi otakata.Mukawunika ndikuzindikira mtundu uwu wa kugwedezeka kwa ma frequency a Broadband, nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kugawa ma frequency band, kenako ndikusankha mulingo wofananira ndi sensa kutengera ma frequency osiyanasiyana.Mwachitsanzo, masensa otsika ma frequency acceleration nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu otsika, ndipo masensa othamanga atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamabatire apamwamba komanso ma frequency apamwamba.

Yezerani kugwedezeka momwe mungathere panyumba yonyamula komwe kuli shaft iliyonse

M'malo osiyanasiyana panyumba ya gearbox, kuyankha pakulimbikitsa komweko kumakhala kosiyana chifukwa cha njira zosiyanasiyana zotumizira ma siginecha.Nyumba yonyamula pomwe malo otumizira ma gearbox amakhala ndi chidwi ndi kugwedezeka kwa mayendedwe.Malo owunikira akhazikitsidwa pano kuti alandire bwino chizindikiro cha kugwedezeka, ndipo mbali zakumtunda ndi zapakati za nyumbayo zili pafupi ndi malo opangira zida, zomwe ndizosavuta kuyang'anira kulephera kwa zida zina.

Yang'anani pa kusanthula pafupipafupi kwa sideband

Pazida zokhala ndi liwiro lotsika komanso lolimba kwambiri, pomwe zonyamula mu bokosi la zida zavalidwa, kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kwanthawi yayitali ya kulephera kwapang'onopang'ono nthawi zambiri sikumakhala kofanana ndi komweko, koma ndikukula kwa kulephera kuvala, ma harmonics. mawonekedwe pafupipafupi a kulephera kubala ndi harmonic.Adzawoneka mwaunyinji, ndipo padzakhala magulu ambiri am'mbali mozungulira ma frequency awa.Kupezeka kwa mikhalidwe iyi kukuwonetsa kuti kunyamula kwasokonekera kwambiri ndipo ndikofunikira kusinthidwa munthawi yake.

Mukamasanthula deta, ganizirani za ziwembu za spectral ndi nthawi

Pamene bokosi la gear likulephera, nthawi zina kugwedezeka kwa matalikidwe a vuto lililonse sikumasintha kwambiri pazithunzi.Sizingatheke kuweruza kuopsa kwa cholakwikacho kapena mtengo weniweni wa liwiro la shaft yapakatikati, koma zitha kuperekedwa pazithunzi za nthawi.Kuchulukitsa kwamphamvu kuti muwone ngati cholakwikacho ndi chodziwikiratu kapena kuthamanga kwa shaft yoyendetsa ndikolondola.Chifukwa chake, kuti muzindikire molondola kuthamanga kwa shaft iliyonse yopatsira kapena kukhudzika kwa vuto linalake, m'pofunika kutsimikizira chithunzi cha vibration spectrum ndi chithunzi cha nthawi.Makamaka, kutsimikiza kwa mafupipafupi a banja lafupipafupi la ma harmonics osadziwika ndi osasiyanitsidwa ndi kusanthula kothandizira kwa chithunzi cha nthawi.

Ndi bwino kuyeza kugwedezeka pansi pa katundu wathunthu wa magiya

Yezerani kugwedezeka kwa bokosi la gear pansi pa katundu wambiri, zomwe zimatha kujambula chizindikiro cholakwa momveka bwino.Nthawi zina, pakalemedwa pang'ono, zizindikiro zina zokhala ndi zolakwika zimatha kulemedwa ndi ma siginecha ena mu gearbox, kapena kusinthidwa ndi ma siginecha ena komanso ovuta kupeza.Zoonadi, pamene vuto lonyamula liri lalikulu, pa katundu wochepa, chizindikiro cholakwa chikhoza kujambulidwa momveka bwino ngakhale kupyolera mu liwiro la liwiro.